• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Hybrid thermo-electric solar collector device that is modular and integrable in the building envelope. It consists of a modular device, installed on the façade and/or roofs, for the production of sanitary hot water and electricity from solar energy. It is composed of at least one photovoltaic glass for the production of electricity, a phase change material for thermal storage and a water-PCM exchanger for the production of sanitary hot water. The replacement of conventional photovoltaic panels with photovoltaic glasses that the invention proposes improves both the accumulation of energy, due to the solar radiation incident directly on the heat sink, and the resulting aesthetics of the building, by presenting a homogeneous surface with a great variety of colors. This last aspect would facilitate the architectural integration of this type of devices both in new buildings and in the energy rehabilitation processes of existing buildings. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2784465A1
    申请号:ES201900044
    申请日:2019-03-25
    公开日:2020-09-25
    发明作者:Maestre Ismael Rodriguez；Blazquez Juan Luis Foncubierta；Balades Jesus Daniel Mena；Gomez Pascual Alvarez；Gallero Francisco Javier Gonzalez；Fernandez Paloma Rocio Cubillas；Come Maria Jesus Jimenez
    申请人:Universidad de Cadiz；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] Hybrid thermo-electric solar collector device modular and integrable in the building envelope
    [0004] Technical sector
    [0006] The present invention corresponds to the area of energy engineering, and is framed within the building sector. Among other applications, it can be used in the field of building renovation.
    [0008] Background of the invention
    [0010] The equipment for the use of solar energy in residential buildings is usually installed on the roof of the same due to the surface necessary for the location of the solar panels for the production of thermal or electrical energy. This is a limitation in the case of block building typology since the roof does not usually have enough space to house the panels necessary to supply energy to all the homes.
    [0012] Some systems have been designed for the installation of equipment for the use of solar energy on the facades of buildings with the idea of expanding the catchment area of the same. For example, patent WO2009043338 [1], consists of a panel for a facade that captures and stores the incident solar thermal energy, which is subsequently transferred to sanitary hot water by means of a pipe coil incorporated inside. In addition, storage is carried out through phase change materials (PCM) [2] [3] which, in addition to reducing the volume of the installation compared to conventional systems, offers an insulating and thermoregulatory effect thanks to low conductivity of these materials and their ability to maintain a constant temperature around their melting point.
    [0014] These systems can be improved by incorporating a standard photovoltaic panel for the production of electricity, in such a way that the same surface would transform solar energy into electrical energy and the dissipated energy (around 90%) would be stored for thermal uses, such as exploitation for domestic hot water, thus increasing the overall performance of the collection system. In addition, the thermoregulatory effect of the PCM would allow to obtain the maximum efficiency of transformation into electrical energy from the photovoltaic cell by preventing high temperatures. However, this type of standard photovoltaic panel (composed of an array of photovoltaic cells) is not very suitable for integration into building facades from an aesthetic point of view.
    [0016] An example of this type of device can be found in patent DE102014011705A1 [4] which consists of a photovoltaic panel attached to a PCM panel and installed on a facade, or in patent EP2239388A1 [5] of similar composition. The energy stored by the PCM can be dissipated by a stream of air [6] or a flow of water that could be used for the production of DHW [7].
    [0018] Some designs, in order to increase the efficiency of the transformation into electrical energy, incorporate the superposition of a glass on the photovoltaic panel. Patent FR2902182A1 [8] incorporates a solar concentration glass in the photovoltaic module. Patents CN103986414A [9] and CN106486563A [10] refer to the use of a glass cover on the photovoltaic module in order to improve the optical properties of said module. It is important to note that this type of glass does not produce electricity, that is, it cannot replace the photovoltaic panel.
    [0019] Currently, there is a semitransparent glass technology that does produce electrical energy from solar radiation [11]. This type of transparent photovoltaic glass can be used to replace conventional window glass [12], due to its high transmissivity in the visible spectrum of solar radiation.
    [0021] Therefore, this type of photovoltaic glass would be suitable for integration into the previously described solar collection systems, thus being able to eliminate the standard photovoltaic panel. This would clearly improve the aesthetics of the system, favoring its integration into the building facades. None of the patents reviewed in this report use this type of photovoltaic glass.
    [0023] List of references used
    [0025] [1] L. ROLF-MICHAEL, "FACADE OR ROOF ELEMENT TO BE MOUNTED ON A BUILDING, AND USE THEREFOR". Patent WO2009043338, 942009.
    [0026] [2] T. Bouhal, T. El Rhafiki, T. Kousksou, A. Jamil and Y. Zeraouli, "PCM addition inside solar water heaters: Numerical comparative approach," Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 19, pp.
    [0027] 232-246, 2018.
    [0028] [3] A. Kasaeian, L. bahrami, F. Pourfayaz, E. Khodabandeh and W.-M. Yan, "Experimental studies on the applications of PCMs and nano-PCMs in buildings: A critical review," Energy and Buildings, vol. 154, pp. 96-112, 2017.
    [0029] [4] A. Gleich, "Photovoltaic (PV) -Fassadenkonstruktionen with phase change materials (PCM) - PV PCM facades". Patent DE102014011705A1, 07082014.
    [0030] [5] J. Neuwald and F. Kellermann, "Building component based on a phase change material".
    [0031] Patent EP2239388A1, 2010.
    [0032] [6] H. Elarga, F. Goia, A. Zarrella, A. Dal Monte and E. Benini, «Thermal and electrical performance of an integrated PV-PCM system in double skin fagades: A numerical study,» Solar Energy, vol . 136, pp 112-124, 2016.
    [0033] [7] H. YAJI and C. BO, "Phase-changing heat storage type photovoltaic and optothermal heat collector and preparation method thereof". Patent CN103353181 A, 2013.
    [0034] [8] F. P. H. Pierre, "Device for multicouche collecteur d'ernergie thermique pour convertisseur photonique du rayonnement solaire, du rayonnement atmospherique et du rayonnement de l'espace". France Patent 0605132, 2006.
    [0035] [9] W. ZHANGYUAN, Y. WANSHENG, Z. XIANGMEI, Q. FENG and Z. XUDONG. Patent CN103986414 (A), 2014.
    [0036] [10] Y. YANPING, Y. XIAOJIAO, S. LIANGLIANG, C. XIAOLING and Y. NANYANG, "Photovoltaic photothermal collector based on phase change thermal management". Patent CN106486563A, 2017.
    [0037] [11] C. Kung-Shih, S. Jose-Francisco, Y. Hin-Lap, H. Lijun, H. Jianhui and K.-Y. J. Alex, "Semitransparent polymer solar cells with 6% PCE * 25% average visible transmittance and a color rendering Index close to 100 for power generating window applications," Energy Environ Sci, vol. 5, pp. 9551-9557, 2012.
    [0038] [12] T. C. Young, K. Jeehwan, P. Hongsik and S. Byungha, "Building energy performance evaluation of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) window with semi-transparent solar cells," Applied Energy, vol. 129, pp. 217-227, 2014.
    [0040] Explanation of the invention
    [0042] Equipment for the use of solar energy in residential buildings is usually installed on the roof of the same. This location is an important limitation when the roof does not have enough space to house the necessary devices to supply all homes. To overcome this limitation, some systems have been developed for the installation of solar energy utilization equipment on the facades of buildings, with the idea of expanding the catchment area of the same. However, these systems suffer from the aesthetic limitation and visual impact that the use of photovoltaic panels provides.
    [0044] The present invention consists of a modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope. It consists of an element for the use of solar energy, for the production of electrical energy and the accumulation of thermal energy for use in sanitary hot water, which can be integrated into the facade or roof of a building, which replaces the conventional photovoltaic panel with a photovoltaic glass, eliminating with this, the aesthetic limitations produced by the use of conventional photovoltaic panels on the façade of buildings, while improving the accumulation of energy, since, as they are transparent glass, solar radiation directly affects the heat sink.
    [0046] The device is fundamentally composed of at least one photovoltaic glass for the production of electricity, a phase change material for thermal storage and a water-PCM exchanger for the production of sanitary hot water. In addition to these, the invention also incorporates heat sinks, heat insulators, and fasteners.
    [0047] The proposed device can be modularly assembled to others, until covering the required area of the building enclosure.
    [0049] The main advantages of the system are described below. On the one hand, its installation in exterior enclosures, facades or roofs, allows increasing the solar energy capture surface of the building compared to the conventional systems that are usually installed on roofs. On the other hand, the incorporation of the PCM would improve the thermal behavior of the building reducing the consumption in cooling, by limiting the exterior surface temperature, as well as the heating, by increasing the insulating effect. Finally, the replacement of conventional photovoltaic panels with photovoltaic glasses would improve both the accumulation of energy, due to the fact that solar radiation affects directly the heat sink, and the visual appearance of the building as it results in a homogeneous surface and with a high range of colors.
    [0051] Brief description of the drawings
    [0053] Figure 1 shows the profile of a module. The following components are shown in the schematic:
    [0054] - Photovoltaic glass (1).
    [0055] - High absorptivity thermal conductive plate (2).
    [0056] - Phase change material (PCM) (3).
    [0057] - PCM-water heat exchangers (4).
    [0058] - Ducts through which the water to be heated runs for domestic use (5).
    [0059] - Insulation layer (6).
    [0060] - Fastening elements (7) with the exterior enclosure of the building.
    [0062] Preferred embodiment of the invention
    [0064] The modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope comprises the following elements:
    [0065] - A photovoltaic glass (1).
    [0066] - A high absorptivity thermal conductive plate (2).
    [0067] - Phase change material (PCM) (3).
    [0068] - PCM-water heat exchangers (4).
    [0069] - Ducts through which the water to be heated runs for domestic use (5).
    [0070] - A layer of insulation (6).
    [0071] - One or more fastening elements (7) with the exterior wall of the building.
    [0072] The photovoltaic glass (1), located on the outside of the device, produces electricity from the solar energy received. Surplus solar energy not transformed by photovoltaic glass is dissipated in the form of thermal energy. This thermal energy is redirected through a dissipation system (2) into the device, where it is stored in the PCM material (3). In addition, the fraction of visible solar radiation that passes through the glass hits the heatsink directly in the PCM. The energy stored by the PCM is discharged through the indoor exchanger for heating the sanitary water of the building (4).
    [0073] The heat exchanger (4) consists of a pipe coil (5) that is arranged in the PCM material. Water to be heated for domestic use (DHW) runs through the pipes (5). The shape and path of the pipes are such that they maximize heat transfer between the PCM and the water.
    [0074] Optionally, the device could contain an air chamber between the photovoltaic glass (1) and the conductive plate (2).
    [0075] The device is complemented with an insulating layer (6), from which the fastening elements (7) of the device with the exterior wall of the building start.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1. Hybrid thermo-electric solar collector device that is modular and integrable in the building envelope, comprising:
    a) A photovoltaic glass (1).
    b) A high absorptive thermal conductive plate (2).
    c) Phase change material (PCM) (3).
    d) Water-PCM heat exchangers (4).
    e) Ducts through which the water to be heated for domestic use flows (5).
    f) A layer of insulation (6).
    g) One or more fastening elements (7) with the exterior wall of the building.
    [2]
    2. A modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope, according to claim 1, characterized in that the photovoltaic glass (1), located on the outside of the device, produces electricity from the solar energy received.
    [3]
    3. Modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope, according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses PCM phase change material (3) as an energy storage element, increased insulation and temperature regulator.
    [4]
    4. A modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope, according to claim 1, characterized in that the surplus solar energy not transformed by the photovoltaic glass is dissipated in the form of thermal energy and is redirected by means of a dissipation system (2) into the device, where it is stored in the PCM material (3).
    [5]
    5. A modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope, according to claim 4, characterized in that the fraction of visible solar radiation that passes through the glass directly affects the dissipator in the PCM material.
    [6]
    6. Hybrid thermo-electric solar collector device that is modular and integrable in the building envelope, according to claim 4, characterized in that the discharge of the energy stored by the PCM material is carried out through the interior exchanger for heating the sanitary water of the building (4).
    [7]
    7. Hybrid thermo-electric solar collector device that is modular and integrable in the building envelope, according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (4) consists of a coil of pipes (5) through which water flows to be heated for use domestic (ACS).
    [8]
    8. A modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope, according to claim 1, characterized in that its configuration allows it to be assembled with other modules to adapt to the facade or roof of the building.
    [9]
    9. Use of the modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope, according to previous claims to produce electricity and hot water from solar energy.
    [10]
    10. Use of the modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope, according to previous claims, to improve the exterior aesthetics of the building on which it is placed, due to the homogeneous surface that presents and the wide range of colors of the photovoltaic glasses that can be used.
    [11]
    11. Use of the modular thermo-electric hybrid solar collector device that can be integrated into the building envelope, according to previous claims, to facilitate the architectural integration of this type of devices both in new buildings and in the energy rehabilitation processes of existing buildings.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    Baljit et al.2016|Review of building integrated applications of photovoltaic and solar thermal systems
    Buker et al.2015|Building integrated solar thermal collectors–A review
    Li et al.2020|Optical and thermal performance of glazing units containing PCM in buildings: A review
    Ma et al.2015|Using phase change materials in photovoltaic systems for thermal regulation and electrical efficiency improvement: a review and outlook
    Chow et al.2009|Annual performance of building-integrated photovoltaic/water-heating system for warm climate application
    Emmi et al.2017|A heat pump coupled with photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors: A case study of a multi-source energy system
    Luo et al.2018|Numerical evaluation on energy saving potential of a solar photovoltaic thermoelectric radiant wall system in cooling dominant climates
    Zhou et al.2019|Study on the energy performance enhancement of a new PCMs integrated hybrid system with the active cooling and hybrid ventilations
    Ali2007|Passive cooling of water at night in uninsulated open tank in hot arid areas
    Gupta et al.2017|A thermal model of hybrid cooling systems for building integrated semitransparent photovoltaic thermal system
    Streicher2016|Solar thermal technologies for domestic hot water preparation and space heating
    Luo et al.2020|Seasonal experimental study of a hybrid photovoltaic-water/air solar wall system
    Hu et al.2018|Performance study of a dual-function roof solar collector for Chinese traditional buildings application
    Ahmad et al.2019|Nocturnal cooling technology for building applications
    Xu et al.2020|Annual analysis of a multi-functional BIPV/T solar wall system in typical cities of China
    Zhang et al.2015|Building integrated solar thermal | technologies and their applications: A review of structural design and architectural integration
    Liang et al.2020|Thermal performance study of an active solar building façade with specific PV/T hybrid modules
    Li et al.2020|Performance of double-circulation water-flow window system as solar collector and indoor heating terminal
    Mahian et al.2021|Phase change materials in solar photovoltaics applied in buildings: An overview
    ES2784465B2|2021-06-25|Hybrid thermo-electric solar collector device, modular and integrable in the building envelope
    Chen et al.2021|Techno-economic and environmental performance assessment of radiative sky cooling-based super-cool roof applications in China
    Kasaeian et al.2021|Solar energy systems: An approach to zero energy buildings
    Emmanuel et al.2021|A review on the influence of the components on the performance of PVT modules
    Xiong et al.2021|Application of Phase Change Material in Improving Trombe Wall Efficiency: An up-to-date and Comprehensive Overview
    ES2303456B1|2009-04-01|SOLAR PANEL HYBRID PHOTOVOLTAIC / THERMAL WITH INCREASE IN EFFICIENCY IN PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM.
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2784465B2|2021-06-25|
    WO2020193824A2|2020-10-01|
    WO2020193824A3|2020-11-26|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2902182A1|2006-06-09|2007-12-14|Pascal Henri Pierre Fayet|MULTILAYER THERMAL ENERGY COLLECTOR DEVICE FOR PHOTONIC CONVERTER OF SOLAR RADIATION, ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION AND SPACE RADIATION|
    EP2239388A1|2009-03-30|2010-10-13|Kalzip GmbH|Building component based on a phase change material|
    CN103353181A|2013-07-29|2013-10-16|东南大学|Phase-changing heat storage type photovoltaic and optothermal heat collector and preparation method thereof|
    CN103986414A|2014-04-23|2014-08-13|广东工业大学|Photovoltaic photo-thermal building integrated system|
    CN106486563A|2016-12-02|2017-03-08|西南交通大学|A kind of photovoltaic photo-thermal heat collector based on phase change thermal management|
    法律状态:
    2020-09-25| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2784465 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20200925 |
    2021-06-25| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2784465 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20210625 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201900044A|ES2784465B2|2019-03-25|2019-03-25|Hybrid thermo-electric solar collector device, modular and integrable in the building envelope|ES201900044A| ES2784465B2|2019-03-25|2019-03-25|Hybrid thermo-electric solar collector device, modular and integrable in the building envelope|
    PCT/ES2020/000025| WO2020193824A2|2019-03-25|2020-05-20|Modular thermoelectric hybrid solar collector that can be integrated into the shell of buildings|
    [返回顶部]